To answer my own post for future Googlers, @cjattard was nice enough me to PM me his complete traefik config. That helped me confirm that the issue was not my traefik config, but the need to update the hub to serve all requests via https when behind a reverse proxy. If you don't click that option, the dashboard page still serves all assets via http and the browser will block it from loading for security reasons.
I'd not seen this option to force SSL before now. If others need a reference, it is discussed here. Thank you!
