Is there a reason this is not working with two different locks? If one lock is unlocked, it works fine, if two are, only the first one I unlocked locks. I've tried it with both locks first and alone and get the same result. Running the actions work fine.
At first glance, this seems like it should be broken into multiple rules. It seems like part of what you're doing with the if-then statements is testing which trigger started the rule (like checking the time), but the if-then statements overlap (which isn't necessarily a bad thing) making me wonder why it matters which trigger fired (at least in the overlapping cases).
If you do want to keep it in one rule and do different actions depending on which trigger fired, it might be possible/preferable to use the %device% or %text% variables in the if statements to do that.
I also noticed that in the third action you test if the tilt sensor is closed before locking the garage door lock, but you don't do that in the first and 4th actions.
If I understand this correctly, when you both leave, the 4th action will close the garage door but not lock it (unless you happen to leave between 10:55 and 11:05 pm when the first action will have locked it prior to it being closed). Then 10 minutes after whatever time the garage door was unlocked, the 4th trigger will fire and the third action will lock the garage door (since the tilt sensor is now closed because the 4th action closed the door a few minutes ago).
Would this do what you're trying to accomplish? Two rules:
#1
Triggers: At 11 pm or everyone leaves or garage door unlocked and stays unlocked 10 minutes:
Actions: If garage door is open, close it
Wait for expression tilt sensor is closed
Lock garage door lock.
#2
Triggers: At 11pm or everyone leaves or front door unlocked and remains unlocked 10 minutes
Actions: Lock front door
Honestly, the at 11pm trigger seems unnecessary since the existing rule will lock either door after they've been unlocked for 10 minutes at any time of day. The time trigger only matters if you happen to unlock one of the doors between 10:50 and 11:00 pm, otherwise the 'stays 10 minutes' trigger will have already locked it.