No, there's no way to make the Google Home app poll more frequently. It will only poll device status once as long as you remain on the main page of the app. If you close and re-open the app it will re-poll. Or if you open the device in question it should re-poll and show the correct status.
Sadly GHC can't currently push device status to Google due to Hubitat platform limitations (see this thread). Once that feature is implemented it should fix that issue.
